For practical reasons, the nominative singular forms that are blanked will be presented the same way as other forms; e. g. , is the m/f nominative singular form of. . . (Ordinarily in this project the nominative singular form would simply be boldfaced in the lemma.)
Last year’s harvest was always better.
(The verb is implied.) Semper (adv.): always. is the m/f/n genitive singular form of (3): higher; previous; superior—the comparative form of superus/supera/superum (1/2): upper, of above, situated above. Annus, annī (2m): year. Prōventus, prōventūs (4m): harvest, crop. is the masculine nominative singular form of (3): better—the comparative form of bonus/bona/bonum (1/2): good.
But a greater punishment is ready for the more mighty.
More literally: But a more powerful torture looms for the more powerful.
is the m/f/n (here m) dative plural form of : braver; stronger, more powerful—the comparative form of fortis/fortis/forte (3): brave; strong. Autem (particle): on the other hand, but, however; and, moreover. : see earlier entry. Īnstat is the third person singular form of īnstō, īnstāre, īnstitī, īnstātūrus (1): to stand on; threaten, loom, be upon; harass (with dative). Cruciātus, cruciātūs (4m): torture.
What could be stupider?
More literally: Than which what (is) stupider?
Quō is the m/n (here n) ablative singular form of quī/quae/quod (rel. pron.): who, which, that, what (the ablative of comparison). Quis/quis/ quid (interrog pron.): who? what? is the neuter nominative singular form of (3): stupider, more foolish—the comparative form of stultus/stulta/stultum (1/2): stupid, foolish.
I see the better and approve it, but I follow the worse.
More literally: I see the better things. . .
Videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum (2): to see. is the neuter accusative plural form of (3): better—the comparative form of bonus/bona/bonum (1/2): good. Probōque: probō, probāre, probāvī, probātum (1): to approve; test; prove; the enclitic conjunction – que adds the meaning and. is the neuter accusative plural form of dēterior/dēterior/dēterius (3): worse (it has no “positive” —i.e., neither comparative nor superlative—form). Sequor, sequī, secūtus sum (3, deponent): to follow.
He also increased the number of minor officials.
is the m/f/n genitive plural form of (3): smaller, lesser; minor, less important—the comparative form of parvus/parva/parvum (1/2): small, little. Etiam (particle): still; also; even. Magistrātuum is the genitive plural form of magistrātus, magistrātūs (4m): magistracy; magistrate. Numerum is the accusative singular form of numerus, numerī (2m): number. Ampliāvit is the third person singular perfect form of ampliō, ampliāre, ampliāvī, ampliātum (1): to enlarge; increase; magnify.
For they were stronger than I.
Quoniam (conj.): since, seeing that; for, because. is the m/f nominative plural form of (3): stronger, more robust—the comparative form of rōbustus/rōbusta/rōbustum (1/2): strong, robust. Mē is the ablative form of ego: I (the ablative of comparison). Erant is the third person plural imperfect form of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be.
Lend not to a man that is mightier than thyself.
Nōlī: do not—the singular imperative form of nōlō, nōlle, nōluī, — (irreg.): to be unwilling, refuse (it is completed by an infinitive). Faeneror, faenerārī, faenerātus sum (1, deponent): to lend money at interest. Hominī is the dative singular form of homō, hominis (3m): man, human. is the m/f/n dative singular form of (3): braver; stronger, mightier—the comparative form of fortis/fortis/forte (3): brave; strong, mighty. Tē is the ablative form of tū: you (the ablative of comparison).
And a disgraceful flight from death is worse than any death.
Turpis/ turpis /turpe (3): ugly, repulsive; shameful, disgraceful, dishonorable. Autem (particle): on the other hand, but; and, moreover. Fuga, fugae (1f): flight (the act of fleeing). Mors, mortis (3f): death (an objective genitive with fuga: death is the object of flight). Omnī is the m/f/n ablative singular form of omnis/omnis/omne (3): all; every; any. Est: is. Morte is the ablative singular form of mors, mortis (3f): death (the ablative of comparison). is the feminine nominative singular form of (3): worse—the comparative form of malus/mala/malum (1/2): bad.
We shall be better men by ourselves.
More literally: We will be better (morally better) separate.
is the m/f nominative plural form of (3): better—the comparative form of bonus/bona/bonum (1/2): good. Erimus is the first person plural future form of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Singulī is the masculine nominative plural form of singulus/singula/singulum (1/2): single, separate, individual; (in pl. only) one each, one by one, each individually.
Overt acts make known latent thoughts. (Or: Acts indicate the intention.)
More literally: Outer acts reveal inner secrets.
Ācta is the nominative plural form of āctum, āctī (2n): act—originally the neuter perfect passive participle of agō, agere, ēgī, āctum (3): to drive, cause to move; do, perform, deal with; act. is the neuter nominative plural form of (3): outer, exterior—the comparative form of exter/extera/exterum (1/2): outside. Indicant is the third person plural form of indicō, indicāre, indicāvī, indicātum (1): to point out; indicate; reveal. is the neuter accusative plural form of interior/interior/interius (3): inner, interior (a comparative without a “positive” form). Sēcrēta is the neuter accusative plural form of sēcrētum, sēcrētī (2n): secret—originally the neuter perfect passive participle of sēcernō, sēcernere, sēcrēvī, sēcrētum (3): to separate, set aside.
Our affairs seem in better shape.
More literally: Our affairs seemed (i.e., at the time of writing) in a better position.
Nostrae is the feminine nominative plural form of noster/nostra/nostrum (1/2): our, ours. Rēs is the nominative plural form of rēs, reī (5f): thing; matter, affair; fact; circumstance; property. is the m/f/n ablative singular form of (3): better—the comparative form of bonus/bona/bonum (1/2): good. Locō is the ablative singular form of locus, locī (2m): place, position. Vidēbantur is the third person plural imperfect passive form of videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum (2): to see; (in the passive) seem.
He said to the elders:
is the m/f/n (here m) dative plural form of senior/senior/— (3): older, elder—the comparative form of senex, senis (3, adj.): old, aged. Ait is the third person singular form of aiō (3, defective): to say (ait = he/she says or said).
I never saw such a coxcomb.
Alt. : I never met such a rascal.
More literally: I never saw a more rascally man.
(He’s talking about Vedius, a friend of Pompey.) Numquam (adv.): never. Videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum (2): to see. Hominem is the accusative singular form of homō, hominis (3m): man, human. is the m/f accusative singular form of nēquior/nēquior/nēquius (3): more worthless, more rascally, more depraved—the comparative form of nēquam (indeclinable adjective): worthless, bad, rascally, depraved.
You are demanding more frequent letters from me.
Exigis is the second person singular form of exigō, exigere, exēgī, exāctum (3): to require, demand, exact. Ab/ ā (prep.): from; by (takes the ablative). Mē is the ablative form of ego: I (me). is the m/f accusative plural form of (3): occurring at closer intervals; more densely packed; more frequent—the comparative form of frequēns, frequentis (3, adj.): occurring at close intervals; densely packed; frequent. Epistulās is the accusative plural form of epistula, epistulae (1f): letter.
You couldn’t do me a greater service.
More literally: You can give me no greater service.
is the neuter accusative singular form of (3): bigger, larger, greater—the comparative form of magnus/magna/magnum (1/2): big, large, great. Mihi: (to) me—the dative form of ego: I. Dō, dare, dedī, datum (1, irreg.): to give. Beneficium is the accusative singular form of beneficium, beneficiī (2n): a kindness, favor, service, benefit. Nūllum is the m/n accusative singular form of nūllus/nūlla/nūllum (1/2, irreg.): no, not any, none. Potes is the second person singular form of possum, posse, potuī, — (irreg.): to be able, can.
A lives for many years and B for fewer.
More literally: This one lived more years, this one fewer.
(Who cares? What matters is how well they lived.) Hic /haec/hoc (pron.): this, this one; he, she, it. is the m/f/n ablative form of (3): more numerous, more (in number); more than one, several; many. Annīs is the ablative plural form of annus, annī (2m): year. Vīxit is the third person singular perfect form of vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctum (3): to live. is the ablative plural form of (3): fewer—the comparative form of paucus/pauca/paucum (1/2): few (the singular forms are rare; the singular comparatives aren’t actually used).
We have all sinned—some in serious, some in trivial things.
Alt. : We have all done wrong, some in serious ways, others more trivially.
More literally: We have all sinned (done wrong things), some (of us) serious things, others lighter things.
Peccāvimus is the first person plural perfect form of peccō, peccāre, peccāvī, peccātum (1): to sin, do wrong. Omnēs is the m/f nominative plural form of omnis/omnis/omne (3): all; others. Aliī is the masculine nominative plural form of alius/alia/aliud (1/2, irreg.): other, another (aliī. . . aliī = some. . . others). Gravia is the neuter accusative plural form of gravis/gravis/grave (3): heavy; grave, serious; hard, painful, grievous. Aliī is the masculine nominative plural form of alius/alia/aliud (1/2, irreg.): other, another. is the neuter accusative plural form of (3): lighter; slighter; more trivial—the comparative form of levis, levis, leve (3): light; slight; trivial.
Whom will they make more brave, whom more just, whom more noble-minded?
(He’s talking about random historical facts and the uselessness of knowing them.) Quem is the masculine accusative singular form of quis/quis/quid (interrog. pron.): who? what? is the m/f accusative singular form of (3): braver; stronger—the comparative form of fortis/fortis/forte (3): brave; strong. is the m/f accusative singular form of (3): more just—the comparative form of iūstus/iūsta/iūstum (1/2): just. is the m/f accusative singular form of (3): more typical or worthy of a free person; more noble-minded; more generous, more liberal—the comparative form of līberālis/līberālis/līberāle (3): typical or worthy of a free person; noble-minded; generous, liberal. Facient is the third person plural future form of faciō, facere, fēcī, factum (3, –iō): to do; make.