It’s especially useful here to fill in the missing word without reading the notes. The possible choices are often more limited in this chapter than they are in others.
But virtue is the understanding of both itself and other things.
More literally: Virtue is knowledge both of other things and of itself.
Virtūs, virtūtis (3f): virtue; courage. Et (conj.): and (et. . . et = both. . . and). Aliōrum is the m/n (here n) genitive plural form of alius/alia/aliud (1/2, irreg.): other, another; different. Scientia, scientiae (1f): knowledge. Est: is. Et (conj.): and. : of itself—the genitive form of the reflexive pronoun.
That will do for me.
More literally: This is sufficient for me.
Hic/haec/ hoc (pron.): this, this one; he, she, it. is the dative form of ego: I. Sufficit is the third person singular form of sufficiō, sufficere, suffēcī, suffectum (3, –iō): to be sufficient; supply.
She is your business manager.
More literally: She manages your affairs.
Rēs is the accusative plural form of rēs, reī (5f): thing; matter, affair; fact; circumstance; property. Agit is the third person singular form of agō, agere, ēgī, āctum (3): to drive, cause to move; do, perform, carry out, manage, deal with; act. Ille/ illa /illud (pron.): that, that one; he, she it. is the feminine accusative plural form of (1/2): your, yours.
And so our men advanced.
More literally: And so ours advance.
(The work is traditionally attributed to Caesar but now widely thought to have been written by an unknown author.) Itaque (adv.): (and) so, hence, therefore. is the masculine nominative plural form of (1/2): our, ours. Prōcēdunt is the third person plural form of prōcēdō, prōcēdere, prōcessī, prōcessum (3): to advance, proceed (it’s in the historical present).
For truth has its own definite boundaries.
More literally: For truths/true things have their own limit.
(But imagined fears run wild.) Vēra is the neuter nominative plural form of vērus/vēra/vērum (1/2): true (used substantively to mean true things or truths). Enim (particle): for, indeed. Modum is the accusative singular form of modus, modī (2m): measured quantity, measure; proper measure; moderation; limit; way, manner. : their (own)—the m/n accusative singular form of (1/2). Habent is the third person plural form of habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum (2): to have.
I can’t live with you or without you.
More literally: I am able to live neither with you nor without you.
Neque/ nec: (conj.) and not, nor; (adv.) neither, not either, not even (nec. . . nec = neither. . . nor). : with you. Possum, posse, potuī, — (irreg.): to be able, can. Vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctum (3): to live. Nec (conj.): nor. Sine (prep.): without (takes the ablative). is the ablative form of tū: you.
Nobody was ever so much at variance with himself.
More literally: Nothing was ever so unequal to itself.
Nīl (contraction of nihil; n, indeclinable, nom. or acc. only—here nom.): nothing. Fuit is the third person singular perfect form of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Umquam (adv.): ever, at any time. Sīc (adv.): thus, so, in such manner. Impār, imparis (3): unequal; ill-matched. : to itself—the dative form of the reflexive pronoun.
For he who is not against you is for you. (Plural “you”.)
Quī /quae/quod (rel. pron.): who, which, that, what. Enim (particle): for, indeed. Nōn: not. Est: is. Adversum (prep.): against (takes the accusative). is the accusative form of vōs: you (pl.). Prō (prep.): before, in front of; for; in exchange for; instead of, in place of; in the capacity of; on behalf of; in defense of; in proportion to (takes the ablative). is the ablative form of vōs: you (pl.). Est: is.
She taught me to love my family.
More literally: She taught me to love mine/my own.
Amō, amāre, amāvī, amātum (1): to love. is the accusative form of ego: I. is the masculine accusative plural form of (1/2): my, mine. Docuit is the third person singular perfect form of doceō, docēre, docuī, doctum (2): to teach.
The gods are a law unto themselves!
More literally: There are their own laws for the gods!
Sunt: there are. Superīs is the m/f/n (here m) dative plural form of superus/supera/superum (1/2): upper, of above (often used substantively to refer to heavenly deities). : their (own)—the neuter nominative plural form of (1/2). Iūra is the nominative plural form of iūs, iūris (3n): law; right.
We do not send our quarrels for you to settle them.
More literally: We do not send our hatreds to you (as) judge.
(Our judges are the gods.) Ad (prep.): to (takes the accusative). is the accusative form of tū: you. Arbitrum is the accusative singular form of arbiter, arbitrī (2m): judge. Odia is the accusative plural form of odium, odiī (2n): hatred, grudge. is the neuter accusative plural form of (1/2): our, ours. Nōn: not. Mittimus is the first person plural form of mittō, mittere, mīsī, missum (3): to send; throw.
What do you think?
More literally: What seems to you?
Quis/quis/ quid (interrog. pron.): who? what? is the dative form of tū: you. Vidētur is the third person singular passive form of videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum (2): to see; (in passive) seem.
He who acts through another acts through himself.
(A contract signed by your agent binds you.) Quī /quae/quod (rel. pron.): who, which, that, what. Facit is the third person singular form of faciō, facere, fēcī, factum (3, –iō): to do; make (other translations such as act or create can be desirable depending on context). Per (prep.): through; by; during (takes the accusative). Alium is the masculine accusative singular form of alius/alia/aliud (1/2, irreg.): other, another; different. : himself—the accusative form of the reflexive pronoun.
What has our arrogance profited us?
Alt. : How has arrogance benefited us? (The verb takes the dative.)
Quid is the neuter accusative singular form of quis/quis/quid (interrog. pron.): who? what? accusative used adverbially: in what respect? how? is the dative form of nōs: we. Prōfuit is the third person singular perfect form of prōsum, prōdesse, prōfuī, prōfutūrum (irreg.): to be helpful, help, profit, benefit (takes the dative). Superbia, superbiae (1f): pride, arrogance, vanity.
The result is that I am fully myself again now.
More literally: So I have now recovered myself.
Repetō, repetere, repetīvī /repetiī, repetītum (3): to return to, make for again; attack again; demand back; recover, get back; repeat. Ergō (adv.): therefore, so, then. Iam (adv.): already; now; soon. is the accusative form of ego: I (me, myself).
Have mercy on us. (You need the genitive.)
Miserēre is the second person singular passive form of misereō, miserēre, miseruī (or impers. miseritum est) (2): (impersonal third person singular) something causes someone to feel pity or sympathy, there is pity or sympathy, pity or sympathy is felt, one feels pity or sympathy (the person experiencing the feeling goes in the accusative; the object of the feeling goes in the genitive); (personal, in the passive) to pity, feel sympathy for, have mercy on (with genitive); (active and personal, rare) to pity, feel sympathy for, have mercy on (with genitive). is the genitive form of nōs: we.
He said: “In vain do you try to rescue my life.” (The verb takes the dative.)
Frūstrā (adv.): in vain; uselessly. Inquit is the third person singular form of inquam (irreg. and defective): to say (inquit = he/she/it says or said). is the feminine dative singular form of (1/2): my, mine. Vītae is the dative singular form of vīta, vītae (1f): life. Subveniō, subvenīre, subvēnī, subventum (4): to come to the rescue or support of, support, assist, rescue (takes a dative object). Cōnāminī is the second person plural form of cōnor, cōnārī, cōnātus sum (1, deponent): to try, attempt.
“No one consulted us,” you say.
Nēmō, nēminis (3m): no one. Inquis is the second person singular form of inquam (irreg. and defective): to say. is the accusative form of nōs: we. Cōnsuluit is the third person singular perfect form of cōnsulō, cōnsulere, cōnsuluī, cōnsultum (3): (with acc.) to consult; (with dat.) give thought to.
Measure yourself by your own foot.
(Don’t listen to compliments or criticism; judge yourself by your own standards.) is the m/n ablative singular form of (1/2): your, yours. is the accusative form of tū: you (used reflexively: yourself). Pede is the ablative singular form of pēs, pedis (3m): foot (here as a unit of measure). Mētīre is the singular imperative form of mētior, mētīrī, mēnsus sum (4, deponent): to measure.
If he does it again, none of us will beg for pardon on his behalf.
Posteā (adv.): after that, thereafter, afterwards, later; after this, hereafter, in the future. Sī (conj.): if. Fēcerit is the third person singular future perfect form of faciō, facere, fēcī, factum (3, –iō): to do; make. Nēmō, nēminis (3m): no one. is the (partitive) genitive form of nōs: we. Prō (prep.): before, in front of; for; in exchange for; instead of, in place of; in the capacity of; on behalf of; in defense of; in proportion to (takes the ablative). Illō is the m/n ablative singular form of ille/illa/illud (pron.): that, that one; he, she, it. Rogābit is the third person singular future form of rogō, rogāre, rogāvī, rogātum (1): to ask, beg, request, inquire.
Even Troy would shed tears for our disasters!
Clādibus is the dative plural form of clādēs, clādis (3f): disaster; (military) defeat; slaughter; destruction. is the m/f/n dative plural form of (1/2): our, ours. Daret is the third person singular imperfect subjunctive form of dō, dare, dedī, datum (1, irreg.): to give (imperfect subjunctive because it’s present contrary to fact). Vel (adv.): even. Troia, Troiae (1f): Troy. Lacrimās is the accusative plural form of lacrima, lacrimae (1f): tear.