Scaevola
negavit
se
quicquam
vi
esse
acturum. —
Valerius, Memorable Deeds and Sayings
3.2.17
Scaevola said he would not take any violent action.
More literally: Scaevola denied himself to be going to do anything with violence.
Scaevola, Scaevolae (1m): Scaevola, a Roman hero. Negāvit is the third person singular perfect form of negō, negāre, negāvī, negātum (1): to deny; refuse, decline. Sē is the accusative form of the reflexive pronoun. Quicquam is the neuter accusative form of quisquam/quicquam (pron.): anyone, anything. Vī is the ablative singular form of vīs, vīs (3f): energy, force, power; violence. Esse: to be. Āctūrum is the m/n accusative singular form of āctūrus/āctūra/āctūrum, the future active participle (going to do) of agō, agere, ēgī, āctum (3): to drive, put in motion; do; act.
He assured me that he would speak seriously to Aquilius.
More literally: He affirmed himself (to be) about to speak seriously with Aquilius.
Graviter (adv.): heavily; seriously; strongly. Sē is the accusative form of the reflexive pronoun. Āctūrum is the m/n accusative singular form of āctūrus/āctūra/āctūrum, the future active participle (going to do/speak) of agō, agere, ēgī, āctum (3): to drive, put in motion; do; act; speak, deal, negotiate (with). Cum (prep.): with (takes the ablative). Aquīliō is the m/n (here m) ablative singular form of the family name Aquīlius/Aquīlia/Aquīlium (1/2) (here referring to a Roman consul). Cōnfirmāvit is the third person singular perfect form of cōnfirmō, cōnfirmāre, cōnfirmāvī, cōnfirmātum (1): to strengthen; encourage; affirm, assert; confirm.
Those who are about to die salute you.
(Spoken to the emperor Claudius by captives before engaging in mock naval exercises.) Moritūrī is the masculine nominative plural form of moritūrus/moritūra/moritūrum, the future active participle (about to die/going to die) of morior, morī, mortuus sum (3, –ior, deponent): to die. Tē is the accusative form of tū: you. Salūtant is the third person plural form of salūtō, salūtāre, salūtāvī, salūtātum (1): to salute, greet.
Some day I will be wise.
More literally: It is going to be that I am wise.
Futūrus/futūra/ futūrum is the future active participle (going to be) of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Est: it is. Ut (conj.): that. Sapiam is the first person singular subjunctive form of sapiō, sapere, sapīvī/sapuī, — (3, –iō): to have good sense; be wise.
(A voice said that. . .) unless this was done the city would be taken.
More literally: (A voice said. . .) it to be going to be, unless it was looked after, that Rome would be taken.
(This line is about a miraculous voice that was heard coming out of a sacred grove.) Futūrum is the m/n (here n) accusative singular form of futūrus/futūra/futūrum, the future active participle (going to be) of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Esse: to be. Nisi (conj.): if not, unless; except. Prōvīsum esset is the third person neuter singular pluperfect passive subjunctive form of prōvideō, prōvidēre, prōvīdī, prōvīsum (2): to see in the distance; foresee; be cautious, look after, give attention to. Ut (conj.): that. Rōma, Rōmae (1f): Rome. Caperētur is the third person singular imperfect passive subjunctive form of capiō, capere, cēpī, captum (3, –iō): to take, seize, capture.
Rumor had it that the poor man’s daughter would be elected priestess.
More literally: The rumor was, it (to be) going to be that the daughter of the poor (man) was elected priestess.
Rūmor, rūmōris (3m): rumor. Erat is the third person singular imperfect form of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Futūrum is the m/n (here n) accusative singular form of futūrus/futūra/futūrum, the future active participle (going to be) of the same verb. Ut (conj.): that. Pauper, pauperis (3, adj.): poor. Fīlia, fīliae (1f): daughter. Sacerdōs, sacerdōtis (3m/f): priest, priestess. Creārētur is the third person singular imperfect passive subjunctive form of creō, creāre, creāvī, creātum (1): to beget; create; elect, appoint.
Doesn’t it occur to you that your eyes will be gouged out because of a prostitute?
More literally: You do not think it going to be that eyes are torn out for you because of a prostitute?
Nōn: not. Cōgitās is the second person singular form of cōgitō, cōgitāre, cōgitāvī, cōgitātum (1): to think, reflect; plan, intend. Futūrum is the m/n (here n) accusative singular form of futūrus/futūra/futūrum, the future active participle (going to be) of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Ut (conj.): that. Tibi is the dative form of tū: you. Oculī is the nominative plural form of oculus, oculī (2m): eye. Propter (prep.): because of (takes the accusative). Meretrīcem is the accusative singular form of meretrīx, meretrīcis (3f): prostitute. Ēruantur is the third person plural passive subjunctive form of ēruō, ēruere, ēruī, ērutum (3): to tear out.
When he was about to be tortured a third time, a friend gave him poison.
More literally: When it was going to be that he was tortured a third time. . .
Cum (conj.): when; since; while; although. Futūrus/futūra/ futūrum is the future active participle (going to be) of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Esset is the third person singular imperfect subjunctive form of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Ut (conj.): that. Tertiō (adv.): for the third time. Torquērētur is the third person singular imperfect passive subjunctive form of torqueō, torquēre, torsī, tortum (2): to twist; torture, torment. Amīcus, amīcī (2m): friend. Eī is the m/f/n dative singular form of is/ea/id (pron.): he, she, it; this, that. Venēnum is the accusative singular form of venēnum, venēnī (2n): poison. Dedit is the third person singular perfect form of dō, dare, dedī, datum (1, irreg.): to give.
I will be seeing you.
More literally: I am about to see you.
Tē is the accusative form of tū: you. Sum: I am. Vīsūrus/ vīsūra/vīsūrum is the future active participle (about to see/going to see) of videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum (2): to see.
I will be a wise man some day.
More literally: I am going to be wise.
Futūrus/ futūra/futūrum is the future active participle (about to be/going to be) of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Sum: I am. Sapiēns, sapientis (3, adj.): wise.
Death will pass its judgment on you.
More literally: Death is going to pronounce about you.
Mors, mortis (3f): death. Dē (prep.): from, down from; about, concerning (takes the ablative). Tē is the ablative form of tū: you. Prōnūntiātūrus/ prōnūntiātūra /prōnūntiātūrum is the future active participle (about to/going to pronounce) of prōnūntiō, prōnūntiāre, prōnūntiāvī, prōnūntiātum (1): to proclaim, announce, declare; pronounce. Est: is.
This is going to perish.
(He’s talking about anything you own.) Hic/haec/ hoc (pron.): this; he, she, it. Peritūrus/peritūra/ peritūrum is the future active participle (about to/going to perish) of pereō, perīre, periī, peritum (irreg.): to perish. Est: is.
You were about to ask him.
Postulātūrus /postulātūra/postulātūrum is the future active participle (about to/going to ask) of postulō, postulāre, postulāvī, postulātum (1): to ask, demand (something one is entitled to); prosecute; claim, assert. Erās is the second person singular imperfect form of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be.
He was about to make sacrifices to Jupiter.
Sacra is the accusative plural form of sacrum, sacrī (2n): a sacred object; religious ceremony, rite, ritual (a substantive use of sacer/sacra/sacrum (1/2): sacred). Iovī is the dative singular form of Iuppiter, Iovis (3m): Jupiter. Factūrus /factūra/factūrum is the future active participle (going to make) of faciō, facere, fēcī, factum (3, –iō): to do; make. Erat is the third person singular imperfect form of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be.
The night he was to die, he read a book.
More literally: On which night he was going to die, he read.
Quā is the feminine ablative singular form of quī/quae/quod (rel. adj.): which, what. Nocte is the ablative singular form of nox, noctis (3f): night. Peritūrus /peritūra/peritūrum is the future active participle (about to/going to perish) of pereō, perīre, periī, peritum (irreg.): to perish; disappear; be lost. Fuit the third person singular perfect form of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Lēgit is the third person singular perfect form of legō, legere, lēgī, lēctum (3): to read.
E
e
For he himself knew what he was going to do.
Ipse /ipsa/ipsum (pron. or adj.): himself/herself/itself/oneself/etc. ; in person. Enim (particle): for; indeed. Sciēbat is the third person singular imperfect form of sciō, scīre, scīvī/sciī, scītum (4): to know. Quid is the neuter accusative singular form of quis/quis/quid (interrog. pron.): who? what? Esset is the third person singular imperfect subjunctive form of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be (subjunctive because it’s in an indirect question). Factūrus /factūra/factūrum is the future active participle (going to do) of faciō, facere, fēcī, factum (3, –iō): to do; make.
I am here not to defend her, but to save her.
More literally: I came not going-to-defend, but going-to-save.
Nōn: not. Adfutūrus /adfutūra/adfutūrum is the future active participle (about to/going to defend) of adsum, adesse, adfuī, adfutūrus (irreg.): to be there, be present; be there (for someone), assist, defend (with dative). Veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum (4): to come. Sed (conj.): but. Servātūrus /servātūra/servātūrum is the future active participle (about to/going to save) of servō, servāre, servāvī, servātum (1): to keep; guard; save.
Live in it as if you were about to leave it.
More literally: Dwell as if about to move (out).
(He’s talking about the body.) Tamquam (conj.): just as, like; as if. Migrātūrus /migrātūra/migrātūrum is the future active participle (about to/going to move) of migrō, migrāre, migrāvī, migrātum (1): to migrate, move, change residence, depart. Habitā is the singular imperative form of habitō, habitāre, habitāvī, habitātum (1): to dwell, inhabit, live (in a place).
The republic seems about to recover its own right.
Vidētur is the third person singular passive form of video, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum (2): to see; (in the passive) to seem. Rēs pūblica: republic, state. Iūs is the accusative singular form of iūs, iūris (3n): law, right, authority. Suum is the m/n accusative singular form of suus/sua/suum (1/2): her/its (own). Recuperātūrus/ recuperātūra /recuperātūrum is the future active participle (about to/going to regain, recover) of recuperō, recuperāre, recuperāvī, recuperātum (1, also reciperō): to regain, recover.
He always opens his jaws in the hope of something more.
More literally: He always gapes toward the hope of the about-to-come.
Semper (adv.): always. Ad (prep.): to, toward (takes the accusative). Spem is the accusative singular form of spēs, speī (5f): hope. Ventūrī is the m/n (here n) genitive singular form of ventūrus/ventūra/ventūrum, the future active participle (about to/going to come) of veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum (4): to come. Hiat is the third person singular form of hiō, hiāre, hiāvī, — (1): to open the mouth; gape.
His approaching murder was foretold by many prodigies.
More literally: Many omens appeared of the murder to be.
Futūrae is the feminine genitive singular form of futūrus/futūra/futūrum, the future active participle (of the going-to-be) of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Caedēs, caedis (3f): murder; cutting off. Multa is the neuter nominative plural form of multus/multa/multum (1/2): much, many. Prōdigia is the nominative plural form of prōdigium, prōdigiī (2n): prodigy, omen. Exstitērunt is the third person plural perfect form of exsistō, exsistere, exstitī, exstitum (3): to appear; come into being; exist.
E
e
They shall be seven years of famine.
More literally: They are seven years of famine to come (of future famine; ventūrae agrees with famis, not annī).
(They are the seven thin cows and the seven thin ears of corn that Pharaoh saw in his dream, which Joseph is interpreting.) Septem (indeclinable numeral): seven. Annī is the nominative plural form of annus, annī (2m): year. Ventūrae is the feminine genitive singular form of ventūrus/ventūra/ventūrum, the future active participle (of going-to-come) of veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum (4): to come. Sunt: they are. Famēs, famis (3f): hunger; famine.
For one must not talk to a man unless he is willing to listen.
More literally: For it should be said to no one except the going-to-listen.
(It refers to the truth: vērum, vērī (2n).) Nūllī is the m/f/n dative singular form of nūllus/nūlla/nūllum (1/2, irreg.): no, not any, none—masculine singular used substantively: no one. Enim (particle): for; indeed. Nisi (conj.): unless; except. Audītūrō is the m/n (here m) dative singular form of audītūrus/audītūra/audītūrum, the future active participle (going to hear/listen) of audio, audīre, audīvī/audiī, audītum (4): to hear; listen. Dīcendus/dīcenda/ dīcendum (1/2) is the gerundive (having to be said) of dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum (3): to say. Est: it is. Dicendum est = it should/must be said; one should/must say—a passive periphrastic, discussed in the chapter on the gerundive.
They are bound to admit that the reading of the poets is of use to the future orator.
More literally: For they certainly would grant the poets (to be) having to be read for the orator-to-be (i.e., that the poets must be read by the future orator).
Nam (particle): for; because. Poētās is the accusative plural form of poēta, poētae (1m): poet. Certē (adv.): certainly; at any rate. Legendōs is the masculine accusative plural form of legendus/legenda/legendum (1/2), the gerundive (having to be read) of legō, legere, lēgī, lēctum (3): to pick; choose; read. Ōrātōrī is the dative singular form of ōrātor, ōrātōris (3m): orator. Futūrō is the m/n dative singular form of futūrus/futūra/futūrum, the future active participle (about to be, going to be) of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Concesserint is the third person plural perfect subjunctive form of concēdō, concēdere, concessī, concessum (3): to depart; concede, grant (subjunctive because it denotes potential action).
Leave a passage for his departing soul.
Alt. : Give the soul a way to leave the body.
More literally: Give room to the soul about to depart.
Dā is the singular imperative form of dō, dare, dedī, datum (1, irreg.): to give. Exitūrae is the feminine dative singular form of exitūrus/exitūra/exitūrum, the future active participle (about to/going to go out) of exeō, exīre, exīvī/exiī, exitum (irreg.): to go out, exit, depart. Animae is the dative singular form of anima, animae (1f): breath; soul. Locum is the accusative singular form of locus, locī (2m): place; room; opportunity.
I did not think it would happen.
More literally: I did not think (it to be) going to be.
Nōn: not. Putō, putāre, putāvī, putātum (1): to think, suppose. Futūrum is the m/n (here n) accusative singular form of futūrus/futūra/futūrum, the future active participle (about to be, going to be) of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be.
What do you think I am going to say?
More literally: What do you think me about to say?
Quid is the neuter accusative form of quis/quis/quid (interrog. pron.): who? what? Putātis is the second person plural form of putō, putāre, putāvī, putātum (1): to think, suppose. Mē is the accusative form of ego. Dictūrum is the m/n accusative singular form of dictūrus/dictūra/dictūrum, the future active participle (going to say) of dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum (3): to say.
What do you think it will do?
(He’s talking about a vine: vītis, vītis (3f).) Quid is the neuter accusative form of quis/quis/quid (interrog. pron.): who? what? Factūram is the feminine accusative singular form of factūrus/factūra/factūrum, the future active participle (going to do) of faciō, facere, fēcī, factum (3, –iō): to do; make. Putās is the second person singular form of putō, putāre, putāvī, putātum (1): to think, suppose.
We men torment ourselves over that which is to come as well as over that which is past.
More literally: We are tormented both by the going-to-come and the passed-by.
Nōs: we. Et (conj.): and (et. . . et: both. . . and). Ventūrō is the m/n ablative singular form of ventūrus/ventūra/ventūrum, the future active participle (about to/going to come) of veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum (4): to come—neuter used substantively: the to-come, the future. Torquēmur is the first person plural passive form of torqueō, torquēre, torsī, tortum (2): to twist; torture, torment. Et (conj.): and. Praeteritō is the m/n ablative singular form of praeteritus/praeterita/praeteritum (1/2), the perfect passive participle (passed by) of praetereō, praeterīre, praeteriī/praeterīvī, praeteritum (irreg.): to pass by—as an adjective: past, bygone; neuter used substantively: the past.
And the feast of Alcinous is displayed in immortal song.
More literally: And he shows the feast of Alcinous in a song going to remain.
Alcinoīque: Alcinous, Alcinoī (2m): Alcinous (the enclitic conjunction –que adds and). Dapēs is the accusative plural form of daps, dapis (3f, often plural with singular sense): feast, banquet. Mānsūrō is the m/n ablative singular form of mānsūrus/mānsūra/mānsūrum, the future active participle (about to stay, remain) of maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsum (2): to remain; await. Carmine is the ablative singular form of carmen, carminis (3n): song; poem. Mōnstrat is the third person singular form of mōnstrō, mōnstrāre, mōnstrāvī, mōnstrātum (1): to point out, show; teach; denounce.
We order by this law, which shall be valid for all time. . .
More literally: We decree by this law going to live in all time. . .
Hāc is the feminine ablative singular form of hic/haec/hoc (adj.): this. Victūrā is the feminine ablative singular form of vīctūrus/vīctūra/vīctūrum, the future active participle (going to live) of vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctum (3): to live. In (prep.): (with abl.) in, on; (with acc.) into, against, for. Omne is the neuter accusative singular form of omnis/omnis/omne (3): every; all. Aevum is the accusative singular form of aevum, aevī (2n): time; lifetime; age; eternity. Lēge is the ablative singular form of lēx, lēgis (3f): law. Sancīmus is the first person plural form of sanciō, sancīre, sānxī, sānctum (4): to establish, decree, sanction.
Which will you follow?
More literally: Which (of the two) are you about to/going to follow?
(Referring to two wills: testāmentum, testāmentī (2n).) Utrum is the m/n accusative singular form of uter/utra/utrum (interrog. pron. , 1/2, irreg.): which (of two)? Secūtūrī is the masculine nominative plural form of secūtūrus/secūtūra/secūtūrum, the future active participle (about to/going to follow) of sequor, sequī, secūtus sum (3, deponent): to follow. Estis: you are (pl.).
They’re going to do wrong.
Peccātūrī is the masculine nominative plural form of peccātūrus/peccātūra/peccātūrum, the future active participle (about to/going to sin, do wrong) of peccō, peccāre, peccāvī, peccātum (1): to sin, do wrong. Sunt: they are.
That is how men come when they mean to kill.
More literally: For the going-to-kill come in such manner.
Sīc (adv.): thus, so, in such manner. Enim (particle): for; indeed. Occīsūrī is the masculine nominative plural form of occīsūrus/occīsūra/occīsūrum, the future active participle (going to kill/about to kill) of occīdō, occīdere, occīdī, occīsum (3): to kill. Veniunt is the third person plural form of veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum (4): to come.
They stand but to fall!
More literally: They stand about to fall.
(He’s talking about cities: urbs, urbis (3f).) Cāsūrae is the feminine nominative plural form of cāsūrus/cāsūra/cāsūrum, the future active participle (about to fall/going to fall) of cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsum (3): to fall. Stant is the third person plural form of stō, stāre, stetī, statum (1): to stand.
Moreover, what is doomed to perish brings pleasure to no one.
More literally: Furthermore, things about to fall please no one.
Nēminem is the accusative form of nēmō, nēminis (3m): no one. Porrō (adv.): onward, forward; furthermore, moreover, again. Cāsūra is the neuter nominative plural form of cāsūrus/cāsūra/cāsūrum, the future active participle (about to fall) of cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsum (3): to fall. Dēlectant is the third person plural form of dēlectō, dēlectāre, dēlectāvī, dēlectātum (1): to delight, please.
What multitudes will follow you, to die in their turn!
Alt. : How great a multitude is following you of those about to die!
More literally: How large a people of the about-to-die follows you!
Quantus /quanta/quantum (1/2, interrog. adj.): how much? how large? how great? (Interrogative words like this can be used in an exclamatory way.) Tē is the accusative form of tū: you. Populus, populī (2m): people, public. Moritūrōrum is the m/n (here m) genitive plural form of moritūrus/moritūra/moritūrum, the future active participle (about to/going to die) of morior, morī, mortuus sum (3, –ior, deponent): to die. Sequētur is the third persons singular future form of sequor, sequī, secūtus sum (3, deponent): to follow.
Signs of future events are manifested by the gods.
More literally: Signs of things to be are shown by the gods.
Signa is the nominative plural form of signum, signī (2n): sign. Ostenduntur is the third person plural passive form of ostendō, ostendere, ostendī, ostentum/ostēnsum (3): to show, manifest. Ab/ ā (prep.): from; by (takes the ablative). Dīs is the ablative plural form of deus, deī (2m, irreg.): god. Rērum is the genitive plural form of rēs, reī (5f): thing; matter, affair. Futūrārum is the feminine genitive plural form of futūrus/futūra/futūrum, the future active participle (about to be/going to be) of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be.
Nothing is enough for us, soon to die though we are.
More literally: Nothing is enough for the about-to-die.
Nihil (n, indeclinable, nom. or acc. only—here nom.): nothing. Satis (indeclinable noun): enough. Est: is. Moritūrīs is the m/f/n (here m) dative plural form of moritūrus/moritūra/moritūrum, the future active participle (about to/going to die) of morior, morī, mortuus sum (3, –ior, deponent): to die.
Others get weak in the knees when they are about to give a speech.
More literally: The knees tremble for some people about to speak.
Quibusdam is the m/f/n (here m) dative plural form of quīdam/quaedam/quiddam (pron.): someone, something, a certain one; (in pl.) some (people), some things. Tremunt is the third person plural form of tremō, tremere, tremuī, — (3): to tremble, shake. Genua is the nominative plural form of genū, genūs (4n): knee. Dictūrīs is the m/f/n dative plural form of dictūrus/dictūra/dictūrum, the future active participle (about to/going to speak) of dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum (3): to say, speak.
I knew the pirates would not do it.
More literally: I knew the pirates not going-to-do (it).
Sciēbam is the first person singular imperfect form of sciō, scīre, scīvī/sciī, scītum (4): to know. Pīrātās is the accusative plural form of pīrāta, pīrātae (1m): pirate. Nōn: not. Factūrōs is the masculine accusative plural form of factūrus/factūra/factūrum, the future active participle (going to do) of faciō, facere, fēcī, factum (3, –iō): to do; make.
Within my heart I pondered ills to come.
More literally: I pondered with myself misfortunes to be.
(A Latin version of a line from the Greek tragedian Euripides.) Futūrās is the feminine accusative plural form of futūrus/futūra/futūrum, the future active participle (about to be/going to be) of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Mēcum (adv.): with me; used reflexively: with myself (mē = me; cum = with). Commentābar is the first person singular imperfect form of commentor, commentārī, commentātus sum (1, deponent): to ponder, meditate, study. Miseriās is the accusative plural form of miseria, miseriae (1f): misfortune, affliction.
I will utter words that will help men even against their will.
More literally: I will say things going-to-be-helpful even to the unwilling.
Dīcam is the first person singular future form of dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum (3): to say. Etiam (particle): even. Invītīs is the m/f/n (here m) dative plural form of invītus/invīta/invītum (1/2): unwilling. Prōfutūra is the neuter accusative plural form of prōfutūrus/prōfutūra/prōfutūrum, the future active participle (about to/going to help) of prōsum, prōdesse, prōfuī, prōfutūrus (irreg.): to help, be useful.
We deliberate about the future.
More literally: We deliberate about the things going to be.
Dē (prep.): from, down from; about, concerning (takes the ablative). Futūrīs is the m/f/n (here n) ablative plural form of futūrus/futūra/futūrum, the future active participle (about to be/going to be) of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Dēlīberāmus is the first person plural form of dēlīberō, dēlīberāre, dēlīberāvī, dēlīberātum (1): to deliberate.
The sea was ruddy with flame that would soon burst forth.
More literally: The seas glowed red with flames about to burst forth.
Prōruptūrīs is the m/f/n ablative plural form of prōruptūrus/prōruptūra/prōruptūrum, the future active participle (about to burst forth) of prōrumpō, prōrumpere, prōrūpī, prōruptum (3): to burst forth, break out. Rutilābant is the third person plural imperfect form of rutilō, rutilāre, rutilāvī, rutilātum (1): to glow red; dye red. Aequora is the nominative plural form of aequor, aequoris (3n): even surface; sea. Flammīs is the ablative plural form of flamma, flammae (1f): flame.