Iuxta
navem. —
Erasmus, Adagia
(1536)
Ship-shape.
More literally: Near to a ship.
(In good order.) Iuxtā (prep. ; the length of the u is uncertain): near to, next to; according to. Nāvem is the accusative singular form of nāvis, nāvis (3f): ship.
Brave when there is no danger.
Extrā (prep.): outside of. Perīculum, perīculī (2n): danger, risk; experiment. Ferōx, ferōcis (3, adj.): wild, fierce; bold, brave.
What is above us is nothing to us.
Alt. : The things above us are none of our business.
Quae is the f/n nominative plural form of quī/quae/quod (rel. pron.): who, which, that, what. Suprā (prep.): above. Nōs is the accusative form of nōs: we. Nihil (n, indeclinable, nom. or acc. only): nothing; (acc. used adverbially) not at all. Ad (prep.): to. Nōs is the accusative form of nōs: we. (The verb sunt (are) is left implied in the first part of the sentence. The same sunt could be implied in the second part too, but the implicit verb there could as well be attinent or pertinent. Attinēre ad or pertinēre ad = to pertain to, concern, be the business of.)
Nature demands nothing except food.
(So when you’re hungry, don’t be too fussy about the meal or the plate it’s served on; that’s all convention.) Nihil (n, indeclinable, nom. or acc. only—here acc.): nothing. Praeter (prep.): besides, except, aside from. Cibum is the accusative singular form of cibus, cibī (2m): food. Nātūra, nātūrae (1f): nature. Dēsīderat is the third person singular form of dēsīderō, dēsīderāre, dēsīderāvī, dēsīderātum (1): to miss; want, desire; require, demand.
Aebutius himself came to the castle.
Ipse /ipsa/ipsum (adj.): himself/herself/itself/oneself/myself/etc. ; in person; the very. Aebūtius /Aebūtia/Aebūtium (1/2): a family name, here referring to Titus Aebutius Elva, a Roman consul. In (prep.): (with abl.) in, on; (with acc.) into. Castellum is the accusative singular form of castellum, castellī (2n): castle. Vēnit is the third person singular perfect form of veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum (4): to come.
I want to come to the city as soon as possible.
Ad (prep.): to. Urbem is the accusative singular form of urbs, urbis (3f): city. Volō, velle, voluī, — (irreg.): to want, wish. Quam (rel. adv.): how, how much, as, to what degree; quam + superlative = as (superlative) as possible. Prīmum (adv.): first (quam prīmum = as soon as possible). Veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum (4): to come.
He came to Delos.
Dēlum is the accusative singular form of Dēlos, Dēlī (2f): Delos (a Greek island; the name often retains its Greek ending – os in the nominative). Vēnit is the third person singular perfect form of veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum (4): to come.
The men depart to Regium.
Hominēs is the nominative plural form of homō, hominis (3m): man, human being. Rēgium is the accusative singular form of Rēgium, Rēgiī (2n): Regium, town in southern Italy (now Reggio Calabria). Proficīscuntur is the third person plural form of proficīscor, proficīscī, profectus sum (3, deponent): to set out, depart.
E
e
Come home with me.
Venī is the singular imperative form of veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum (4): to come. Mēcum: with me (mē = me; cum = with). Domum is the accusative singular form of domus, domūs (2/4f): home.
He sent the boy into the country.
Puerum is the accusative singular form of puer, puerī (2m): boy; child. Rūs is the accusative singular form of rūs, rūris (3n): the country, countryside. Mīsit is the third person singular perfect form of mittō, mittere, mīsī, missum (3): to send; throw.
He contributed materially to the victory.
Alt. : He contributed much to the victory.
Plūrimum is the m/n accusative singular form of plūrimus/plūrima/plūrimum (1/2): most, very many, much (neuter used substantively)—the superlative form of multus/multa/multum (1/2): much, many. Ad (prep.): to. Victōriam is the accusative singular form of victōria, victōriae (1f): victory. Contulit is the third person singular perfect form of cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, collātum (3, irreg.): to gather, connect; contribute.
He recalled me from destruction to salvation.
Mē is the accusative form of ego. Ab /ā (prep.): from; by (takes the ablative). Exitiō is the ablative singular form of exitium, exitiī (2n): destruction. Ad (prep.): to. Salūtem is the accusative singular form of salūs, salūtis (3f): safety; salvation. Revocāvit is the third person singular perfect form of revocō, revocāre, revocāvī, revocātum (1): to recall.
He is demanding that you kill me to make his position secure.
More literally: He is demanding that you kill me for his security.
Ille /illa/illud (pron.): that; he, she, it. Ut (conj.): that. Mē is the accusative form of ego. In (prep.): (with abl.) in, on; (with acc.) into; for. Sēcūritātem is the accusative singular form of sēcūritās, sēcūritātis (3f): freedom from anxiety, secureness; safety, security. Suam is the feminine accusative singular form of suus/sua/suum (1/2): his (own). Occīdās is the second person singular subjunctive form of occīdō, occīdere, occīdī, occīsum (3): to strike down, kill (subjunctive because it’s in an indirect command). Postulat is the third person singular form of postulō, postulāre, postulāvī, postulātum (1): to ask; demand.
It has been hidden for many years.
Multōs is the masculine accusative plural form of multus/multa/multum (1/2): much, many. Annōs is the accusative plural form of annus, annī (2m): year. Latuit is the third person singular perfect form of lateō, latēre, latuī, — (2): to be hidden, hide, lurk.
He waited many hours.
Multās is the feminine accusative plural form of multus/multa/multum (1/2): much, many. Hōrās is the accusative plural form of hōra, hōrae (1f): hour. Exspectāvit is the third person singular perfect form of exspectō, exspectāre, exspectāvī, exspectātum (1—also expectō): to wait (for); expect; look forward to.
He was some three miles away.
More literally: He was about three thousand (double paces) away.
Tria is the neuter accusative form of trēs/trēs/tria (3): three. Mīlia is the accusative plural form of mīlle: thousand; (with passuum implied) a thousand double paces, a mile (the plural form mīlia takes a partitive genitive; hence passuum —the genitive plural form of passus, passūs (4m): step, pace; (as a unit of length) double pace (about five feet)). Fermē (adv. —also ferē): usually; nearly, almost; roughly, about, approximately. Aberat is the third person singular imperfect form of absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrus (irreg.): to be away, be absent, be distant.
They built a mound three hundred and thirty feet broad and eighty feet high.
Aggerem is the accusative singular form of agger, aggeris (3m): dam, wall, rampart; mound. Lātum is the m/n accusative singular form of lātus/lāta/lātum (1/2): broad, wide. Pedēs is the accusative plural form of pēs, pedis (3m): foot. Cccxxx: 330; pronounced trecentōs trīgintā: trecentōs is the masculine accusative form of trecentī/trecentae/trecenta (1/2): three hundred; trīgintā (indeclinable): thirty. Altum is the m/n accusative singular form of altus/alta/altum (1/2): high. Lxxx: 80; pronounced octōgintā (indeclinable). Exstrūxērunt is the third person plural perfect form of exstruō, exstruere, exstrūxī, exstrūctum (3): to pile; build up, construct.
He moved forward twenty miles that day.
Eō is the m/n ablative singular form of is/ea/id (adj.): this, that. Diē is the ablative singular form of diēs, diēī (5m/f): day. Mīlia is the accusative plural form of mīlle: thousand. Passuum is the genitive plural form of passus, passūs (4m): step, pace; (as a unit of length) double pace (about five feet) (the partitive genitive: of double paces). Xx: twenty; pronounced vīgintī (indeclinable). Prōcēdit is the third person singular form of prōcēdō, prōcēdere, prōcessī, prōcessum (3): to advance, proceed (the historical present, in which the present tense narrates action in the past).
He asks the gods for rest.
Ōtium is the accusative singular form of ōtium, ōtiī (2n): leisure. Dīvōs is the accusative plural form of dīvus, dīvī (2m): god. Rogat is the third person singular form of rogō, rogāre, rogāvī, rogātum (1): to ask.
E
e
Teach me your justifications.
Docē is the singular imperative form of doceō, docēre, docuī, doctum (2): to teach. Mē is the accusative form of ego. Iūstificātiōnēs is the accusative plural form of iūstificātiō, iūstificātiōnis (3f): justification (later Latin). Tuās is the feminine accusative plural form of tuus/tua/tuum (1/2): your, yours.
It is pointless trying to teach him the rest.
More literally: He is taught the remaining things in vain.
Is /ea/id (pron.): he, she, it; this, that. Reliqua is the neuter accusative plural form of reliquus/reliqua/reliquum (1/2): left, remaining. Frūstrā (adv.): in vain; uselessly. Docētur is the third person singular passive form of doceō, docēre, docuī, doctum (2): to teach.
All to a man approved Vercingetorix as commander-in-chief.
Ad (prep.): to, toward (with accusative). Ūnum is the m/n (here m) accusative singular form of ūnus/ūna/ūnum (1/2, irreg.): one. Omnēs is the m/f (here m) nominative plural form of omnis/omnis/omne (3): all; every (ad ūnum omnēs = all to a man). Vercingetorigem is the accusative form of the proper name Vercingetorix, Vercingetorigis (3m): leader of a Gallic revolt against Caesar. Probant is the third person plural form of probō, probāre, probāvī, probātum (1): to approve; test; prove. Imperātōrem is the accusative singular form of imperātor, imperātōris (3m): commander (in chief), general.
Why are you thought to be a sucker?
More literally: Why are you held (to be) a fellatio-giver?
Quārē (interrog. adv.): why? Fellātor, fellātōris (3m): sucker, one who performs fellatio (the context might call for a coarser reading of the word). Habēris is the second person singular passive form of habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum (2): to have; hold, regard, consider.
You live the life of a piper.
(In other words, you live lavishly at the expense of another.) Tībīcen, tībīcinis (3m): piper, flute player. Vītam is the accusative singular form of vīta, vītae (1f): life. Vīvis is the second person singular form of vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctum (3): to live.
And suddenly she fiercely shouts:
Torvumque: torvum is the m/n (here n) accusative singular form of torvus/torva/torvum (1/2): fierce, wild (the enclitic conjunction – que adds and). Repente (adv.): suddenly. Clāmat is the third person singular form of clāmō, clāmāre, clāmāvī, clāmātum (1): to cry out, shout.
Suppose that you are ungrateful.
More literally: Suppose you to be ungrateful.
Putā is the singular imperative form of putō, putāre, putāvī, putātum (1): to suppose, think. Tē is the accusative form of tū: you. Ingrātum is the m/n accusative singular form of ingrātus/ingrāta/ingrātum (1/2): ungrateful; unwelcome; unpleasant, disagreeable. Esse: to be.
He called himself a king.
More literally: He himself said himself to be a king.
Ipse /ipsa/ipsum (pron.): (he) himself, (she) herself, (it) itself, that very person or thing (sometimes translated by just adding emphasis to a pronoun). Rēgem is the accusative singular form of rēx, rēgis (3m): king. Sē is the accusative form of the reflexive pronoun. Esse: to be. Dīcēbat is the third person singular imperfect form of dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum (3): to say, speak.
We ought to be free.
More literally: Us to be free is right.
Līberōs is the masculine accusative plural form of līber/lībera/līberum (1/2): free. Nōs is the accusative form of nōs: we. Esse: to be. Oportet, oportēre, oportuit, — (2): it behooves, it is fitting, it is right or needed (impersonal verb; appears in the third person singular only).
It is agreed that the man was killed.
More literally: It is agreed the man to have been killed.
Hominem is the accusative singular form of homō, hominis (3m): human, man. Occīsum esse is the masculine singular perfect passive infinitive form of occīdō, occīdere, occīdī, occīsum (3): to kill; ruin. Cōnstat is the third person singular form of cōnstō, cōnstāre, cōnstitī, cōnstātūrus (1): to stand together; stand firm; exist; be in agreement with; (impersonally) it is well known, agreed, etc.
There is advantage in being grateful.
More literally: It is useful to be grateful.
Prodest is the third person singular form of prōsum, prōdesse, prōfuī, prōfutūrus (irreg.): to benefit, be useful, be helpful. Grātum is the m/n (here m) accusative singular form of grātus/grāta/grātum (1/2): grateful; appreciated, welcome; pleasant. Esse: to be.
He wants to be powerful only so that he may do harm.
Tantum (adv.): only. Ut (conj.): that, so that. Noceat is the third person singular subjunctive form of noceō, nocēre, nocuī, nocitum (2): to injure, hurt, harm (subjunctive because it’s in a purpose clause). Cupit is the third person singular form of cupiō, cupere, cupīvī/cupiī, cupītum (3): to desire, long for. Esse: to be. Potēns, potentis (3, adj.): strong, potent, powerful.
Every natural organism aims at being its own preserver.
More literally: All nature wants to be preserver of itself.
Omnis/ omnis /omne (3): all; every. Nātūra, nātūrae (1f): nature. Vult is the third person singular form of volō, velle, voluī, — (irreg.): to want, wish. Esse: to be. Cōnservātrīx, cōnservātrīcis (3f): (female) preserver. Suī is the genitive form of the reflexive pronoun.
A mother who wants to be a sister is not happy to be either mother or sister.
More literally: A mother who wants herself to be a sister, it pleases neither to be mother nor sister.
(He’s talking to a man whose mother treats him like a brother.) Mātrem is the accusative singular form of māter, mātris (3f): mother. Quī/ quae /quod (rel. pron.): who, which, that, what. Cupit is the third person singular form of cupiō, cupere, cupīvī/cupiī, cupītum (3): to desire, long for. Esse: to be. Sē is the accusative form of the reflexive pronoun. Sorōrem is the accusative singular form of soror, sorōris (3f): sister. Neque/ ne c (conj.): and not, nor; (adv.): not; neither, not either, not even (nec. . . nec: neither. . . nor). Mātrem is the accusative singular form of māter, mātris (3f): mother. Iuvat is the third person singular form of iuvō, iuvāre, iūvī, iūtum (1): to help, benefit, avail; delight, gratify, please. Esse: to be. Neque/ nec (conj.): and not, nor; (adv.): nor. Sorōrem is the accusative singular form of soror, sorōris (3f): sister.