Infantiam
statim
deliciis
solvimus. —
Quintilian, The Orator’s Education
1.2.6
We ruin their infancy by spoiling them from the start.
More literally: We destroy infancy immediately by luxuriousness.
Īnfantiam is the accusative singular form of īnfantia, īnfantiae (1f): infancy. Statim (adv.): firmly; at once, immediately. Dēliciīs is the ablative form of dēliciae, dēliciārum (1f, plural only): delight, pleasure; luxuriousness. Solvimus is the first person plural form of solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtum (3): to loosen; free, release; destroy; solve; pay.
So far you have accomplished nothing by severity.
Sevēritāte is the ablative singular form of sevēritās, sevēritātis (3f): severity, strictness. Nihil (n, indeclinable, nom. or acc. only—here acc.): nothing. Adhūc (adv.): still, yet. Prōfēcistī is the second person singular perfect form of prōficiō, prōficere, prōfēcī, prōfectum (3, –iō): to advance, make progress; profit.
Riding on a wretched ass.
More literally: He is carried by a bad donkey.
(Said of people for whom things are going badly; more successful ones ride horses.) Malō is the m/n ablative singular form of malus/mala/malum (1/2): bad; evil. Asinō is the ablative singular form of asinus, asinī (2m): donkey, ass; idiot. Vehitur is the third person singular passive form of vehō, vehere, vexī, vectum (3): to carry, bear; (in the passive) to ride.
But I will conduct you to peace of mind by another route.
Sed (conj.): but. Ego: I. Aliā is the feminine ablative singular form of alius/alia/aliud (1/2, irreg.): other, another. Tē is the accusative form of tū: you. Ad (prep.): to (takes the accusative). Sēcūritātem is the accusative singular form of sēcūritās, sēcūritātis (3f): freedom from care; safety. Viā is the ablative singular form of via, viae (1f): way, road. Dūcam is the first person singular future form of dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductum (3): to lead.
I am defending Cicero.
More literally: Cicero is defended by me.
Ab/ ā (prep.): from; by (takes the ablative). Mē is the ablative form of ego. Dēfenditur is the third person singular passive form of dēfendō, dēfendere, dēfendī, dēfēnsum (3): to defend. Cicerō, Cicerōnis (3m): Cicero.
This is what Aristo says.
More literally: These things are said by Aristo.
Haec is the neuter nominative plural form of hic/haec/hoc (pron.): this; he, she, it. Ab /ā (prep.): from; by (takes the ablative). Aristōne is the ablative form of Aristōn, Aristōnis (3m): Aristo (Stoic philosopher). Dīcuntur is the third person plural passive form of dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum (3): to say.
He is accused by his son of madness.
Accūsātur is the third person singular passive form of accūsō, accūsāre, accūsāvī, accūsātum (1): to blame; accuse. Ab/ ā (prep.): from; by (takes the ablative). Fīliō is the ablative singular form of fīlius, fīliī (2m): son. Dēmentia, dēmentiae (1f): madness, insanity.
E
e
They perished by the destroyer.
Periērunt is the third person plural form of pereō, perīre, periī, peritum (irreg.): to become lost; disappear; perish, die. Ab /ā: from; by (takes the ablative). Exterminātōre is the ablative singular form of exterminātor, exterminātōris (3m): destroyer, exterminator (post-Classical).
I did not act from reason.
Nōn: not. Faciō, facere, fēcī, factum (3, –iō): to do; make. Ratiōne is the ablative singular form of ratiō, ratiōnis (3f): reason; rationale.
And he starved to death.
More literally: And he passed away from hunger.
Et (conj.): and. Is /ea/id (pron.): he, she, it; this, that. Famē is the ablative singular form of famēs, famis (3f—but with an ablative singular form from the fifth declension; hence the long e): hunger. Extābuit is the third person singular perfect form of extābēscō, extābēscere, extābuī, — (3; only the perfect form is common): to waste away, pass away; vanish.
Who ever had eyes just to see in the dark?
More literally: Who ever had eyes for the sake of the darkness?
(He’s arguing against the nocturnal life.) Quis /quis/quid (interrog. pron.): who? what? Umquam (adv.): ever. Oculōs is the accusative plural form of oculus, oculī (2m): eye. Tenebrae, tenebrārum (1f, plural only): darkness. Causā is the ablative singular form of causa, causae (1f): cause; case; (in abl. , after a genitive word) for the sake (of). Habuit is the third person singular perfect form of habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum (2): to have.
I bought him for twenty thousand.
Vīgintī (indeclinable): twenty. Mīlibus is the ablative plural form of mīlle: thousand. Emō, emere, ēmī, ēmptum (3): to buy.
That which you do not need, is dear even at a farthing.
More literally: That for which there is no need is expensive at a cent.
(He’s quoting Cato the Elder.) Quī/quae/ quod (rel. pron.): who, which, that, what. Nōn: not. Opus, operis (3n): work; need. Est: there is. Asse is the ablative singular form of as, assis (3m): a small Roman coin. Cārus/cāra/ cārum (1/2): dear; precious; expensive. Est: is.
He sold kingdoms for money.
Rēgna is the accusative plural form of rēgnum, rēgnī (2n): kingdom, territory. Addīxit is the third person singular perfect form of addīcō, addīcere, addīxī, addictum (3): to assign, adjudge, award; give over; sell. Pecūniā is the ablative singular form of pecūnia, pecūniae (1f): money.
Pleasure bought with pain is harmful.
Nocet is the third person singular form of noceō, nocēre, nocuī, nocitum (2): to be harmful, injure, hurt. Ēmptus/ ēmpta /ēmptum (1/2) is the perfect passive participle (bought) of emō, emere, ēmī, ēmptum (3): to buy. Dolōre is the ablative singular form of dolor, dolōris (3m): pain. Voluptās, voluptātis (3f): pleasure.
Live with Chrysippus, with Posidonius.
(Stoic philosophers from prior ages.) Vīve is the singular imperative form of vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctum (3): to live. Cum (prep.): with (takes the ablative). Chrȳsippō is the ablative singular form of Chrȳsippus, Chrȳsippi (2m): Chrysippus. Posīdōniō is the ablative singular form of Posīdōnius, Posīdōniī (2m): Posidonius.
He dines, sleeps, washes in company with his wallet.
Cum (prep.): with (takes the ablative). Bulgā is the ablative singular form of bulga, bulgae (1f): bag, wallet, purse. Cēnat is the third person singular form of cēnō, cēnāre, cēnāvī, cēnātum (1): to dine. Dormit is the third person singular form of dormiō, dormīre, dormīvī/dormiī, dormītum (4): to sleep. Lavit is the third person singular form of lavō, lavāre/lavere, lāvī, lavātum/lautum (1/3): to wash.
They pressed on to meet Caesar with all their forces.
More literally: They press forward to Caesar with all the forces.
Ad (prep.): to (takes the accusative). Caesarem is the accusative form of Caesar, Caesaris (3m): Caesar. Omnibus is the m/f/n ablative plural form of omnis/omnis/omne (3): every; all. Cōpiīs is the ablative plural form of cōpia, cōpiae (1f): supply, abundance; (pl.) troops, forces. Contendunt is the third person plural form of contendō, contendere, contendī, contentum (3): to stretch; strain or strive for; press forward, strive to get to a place.
Many people mix a generous quantity of salt with the fodder.
More literally: Many mix the fodder with abundant salt.
Multī is the masculine nominative plural form of multus/multa/multum (1/2): much, many. Largō is the m/n ablative singular form of largus/larga/largum (1/2): abundant, large, much. Sale is the ablative singular form of sāl, salis (3m/n): salt; wit. Miscent is the third person plural form of misceō, miscēre, miscuī, mixtum/mistum (2): to mix; confuse. Pābula is the accusative plural form of pābulum, pābulī (2n): food; fodder (for animals).
I do so with embarrassment.
Faciō, facere, fēcī, factum (3, –iō): to do; make. Cum (prep.): with (takes the ablative). Pudōre is the ablative singular form of pudor, pudōris (3m): shame; modesty.
Superfluity may be boring, but leaving out essentials is dangerous.
More literally: For unnecessary things are said with tediousness, necessary things are removed with danger.
Nam (particle): for. Supervacua is the neuter nominative plural form of supervacuus/supervacua/supervacuum (1/2): superfluous, unnecessary. Cum (prep.): with (takes the ablative). Taediō is the ablative singular form of taedium, taediī (2n): weariness, boredom; tediousness; disgust. Dīcuntur is the third person plural passive form of dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum (3): to say. Necessāria is the neuter nominative plural form of necessārius/necessāria/necessārium (1/2): unavoidable, needful, necessary. Perīculō is the ablative singular form of perīculum, perīculī (2n): danger, risk. Subtrahuntur is the third person plural passive form of subtrahō, subtrahere, subtrāxī, subtractum (3): to drag from under; take away, remove.
He answered with great spirit.
Magnō is the m/n ablative singular form of magnus/magna/magnum (1/2): great, large; important. Animō is the ablative singular form of animus, animī (2m): mind, soul, spirit. Respondit is the third person singular perfect form of respondeō, respondēre, respondī, respōnsum (2): to respond, reply.
It is free from all turmoil.
(The upper regions of the universe and of the mind.) Omnī is the m/f/n ablative singular form of omnis/omnis/omne (3): all; every. Tumultū is the ablative singular form of tumultus, tumultūs (4m): commotion, disturbance. Caret is the third person singular form of careō, carēre, caruī, caritum (2): to be without, be free from.
First of all, free yourself from the fear of death.
Līberā is the singular imperative form of līberō, līberāre, līberāvī, līberātum (1): to free, liberate, release; absolve. Tē is the accusative form of tū: you (used reflexively: yourself). Prīmum (adv.): first. Metū is the ablative singular form of metus, metūs (4m): fear. Mors, mortis (3f): death.
And I release you from that body.
(Iris freeing the soul of Dido after her death.) Tēque: tē is the accusative form of tū: you (the enclitic conjunction – que adds and). Istō is the m/n ablative singular form of iste/ista/istud (adj.): that—often with a second-person reference like that of yours. Corpore is the ablative singular form of corpus, corporis (3n): body; substance. Solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtum (3): to loosen; free, release; destroy; solve; pay.
Do you ask why virtue needs nothing?
Quaeris is the second person singular form of quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī/quaesiī, quaesītum (3): to ask; seek. Quārē (interrog. adv.): why? Virtūs, virtūtis (3f): virtue, moral excellence; courage, valor. Nūllō is the m/n ablative singular form of nūllus/nūlla/nūllum (1/2, irreg.): no, none, not any—occasionally used substantively in the neuter singular to mean nothing. Egeat is the third person singular subjunctive form of egeō, egēre, eguī, egitūrus (2): to need (subjunctive because it’s in an indirect question).
So it was that Hannibal left Africa.
More literally: Thus did Hannibal depart from Africa.
Ita (adv.): thus, so, in this way. Āfricā is the ablative singular form of Āfrica, Āfricae (1f): Africa. Hannibal, Hannibalis (3m): Hannibal. Excessit is the third person singular perfect form of excēdō, excēdere, excessī, excessum (3): to go away, withdraw, depart, leave.
You have gone forth from prison.
(From an imaginary speech to someone who has died bravely.) Exīstī is the second person singular perfect form of exeō, exīre, exīvī/exiī, exitum (irreg.): to go out, depart, exit, escape. Ex /ē (prep.): out of (takes the ablative). Custōdiā is the ablative singular form of custōdia, custōdiae (1f): protection, guard; custody; prison.
Labienus has deserted Caesar.
More literally: Labienus has departed from Caesar.
Labiēnus, Labiēnī (2m): Titus Labienus, a soldier and tribune. Discessit is the third person singular perfect form of discēdō, discēdere, discessī, discessum (3): to depart, move away. Ab/ ā (prep.): from; by (takes the ablative). Caesare is the ablative singular form of Caesar, Caesaris (3m): Caesar.
Not from Hymettus.
(Rather, one is instead down-to-earth and unpretentious. Hymettus was a hill in Attica.) Nōn: not. Ab /ā: from; by (takes the ablative). Hymēttō is the ablative singular form of Hymēttus, Hymēttī (2m): Hymettus.
E
e
A voice therefore came from heaven:
Vēnit is the third person singular perfect form of veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum (4): to come. Ergō (particle): therefore, then. Vōx, vōcis (3f): voice; word; utterance; speech. Dē (prep.): from, down from; about, concerning (takes the ablative). Caelō is the ablative singular form of caelum, caelī (2n): sky, heaven.
E
e
I have called my son out of Egypt.
Ex /ē (prep.): from, out of (takes the ablative). Aegyptō is the ablative form of Aegyptus, Aegyptī (2f): Egypt. Vocō, vocāre, vocāvī, vocātum (1): to call, summon; name. Fīlium is the accusative singular form of fīlius, fīliī (2m): son. Meum is the m/n accusative singular form of meus/mea/meum (1/2): my, mine.
Six days after leaving Athens I came to Delos.
More literally: On the sixth day we came from Athens to Delos.
Sextō is the m/n ablative singular form of sextus/sexta/sextum (1/2): sixth. Diē is the ablative singular form of diēs, diēī (5m/f): day. Dēlum is the accusative singular form of Dēlos, Dēlī (2f): Delos. Athēnīs is the ablative form of Athēnae, Athēnārum (1f, plural form only): Athens. Vēnimus is the first person plural perfect form of veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum (4): to come.
A while ago I was summoned from home to this place.
Domō is the ablative singular form of domus, domūs (2/4f): house, home. Dūdum (adv.): a short time ago; before. Hūc (adv.): here (with motion), to this place. Arcessīta sum is the first person feminine singular perfect passive form of arcessō, arcessere, arcessīvī/arcessiī, arcessītum (3): to call, summon, send for.
My wife has already returned from our country estate.
Rūre is the ablative singular form of rūs, rūris (3n): the country, countryside. Iam (adv.): already; now; soon. Rediit is the third person singular perfect form of redeō, redīre, rediī, reditum (irreg.): to go back, return. Uxor, uxōris (3f): wife. Meus/ mea /meum (1/2): my, mine.
You are making an elephant out of a fly.
(Like making a mountain out of a molehill.) Elephantum is the accusative singular form of elephantus, elephantī (2m): elephant. Ex/ ē (prep.): out of, from (takes the ablative). Muscā is the ablative singular form of musca, muscae (1f): fly. Facis is the second person singular form of faciō, facere, fēcī, factum (3, –iō): to do; make.
He made an army out of silver.
Alt. : He made an army with silver.
(That is, he made an army out of money.) Exercitum is the accusative singular form of exercitus, exercitūs (4m): army. Argentō is the ablative singular form of argentum, argentī (2n): silver. Fēcit is the third person singular perfect form of faciō, facere, fēcī, factum (3, –iō): to do; make. (This could also be interpreted as the ablative of means.)
No right of action arises from a bare agreement.
(In other words, you can’t sue someone just for failing to keep a promise; something has to have been exchanged for it.) Ex /ē (prep.): out of, from (takes the ablative). Nūdō is the m/n ablative singular form of nūdus/nūda/nūdum (1/2): naked, bare. Pactō is the ablative singular form of pactum, pactī (2n): agreement; contract. Nōn: not. Oritur is the third person singular form of orior, orīrī, ortus sum (3, –ior/4, deponent): to come into being, be born, arise; rise. Āctiō, āctiōnis (3f): action, behavior; lawsuit.
The son of Jove pretended to go away.
More literally: The born-from-Jove pretends to go away.
(Speaking of Mercury.) Simulat is the third person singular form of simulō, simulāre, simulāvī, simulātum (1): to simulate; pretend (historical present). Iove is the ablative singular form of Iuppiter, Iovis (3m): Jupiter/Jove. Nātus /nāta/nātum (1/2) is the perfect participle (born) of nāscor, nāscī, nātus sum (3, deponent): to be born. Abeō, abīre, abiī, abitum (irreg.): to depart, go away.
He lost a son of the highest moral qualities.
More literally: He lost a son with the highest virtue.
(Speaking of Cato the Elder, whose eldest son was a distinguished jurist but died before turning forty.) Summā is the feminine ablative singular form of summus/summa/summum (1/2): highest, supreme. Virtūte is the ablative singular form of virtūs, virtūtis (3f): virtue, moral excellence; courage, valor. Fīlium is the accusative singular form of fīlius, fīliī (2m): son. Perdidit is the third person singular perfect form of perdō, perdere, perdidī, perditum (3): to lose; destroy.
You have in him a man of unusual moderation.
More literally: You have a man with singular modesty.
Habētis is the second person plural form of habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum (2): to have. Hominem is the accusative singular form of homō, hominis (3m): human, man. Singulārī is the m/f/n ablative singular form of singulāris/singulāris/singulāre (3): singular, remarkable. Pudōre is the ablative singular form of pudor, pudōris (3m): shame; modesty, decency.
You were wrong about the timing.
More literally: You erred with respect to times.
Temporibus is the ablative plural form of tempus, temporis (3n): time; circumstances. Errāstī is the second person singular perfect form of errō, errāre, errāvī, errātum (1): to err; wander; go astray.
Corbis was the elder.
More literally: Corbis was greater in age.
(Speaking of two cousins.) Corbis, Corbis (3m). Maior /maior/maius (3) is the comparative form of magnus/magna/magnum (1/2): great, large. Erat is the third person singular imperfect form of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be. Aetāte is the ablative singular form of aetās, aetātis (3f): lifetime; age.
He is equal to him in crime, inferior in industry.
Scelere is the ablative singular form of scelus, sceleris (3n): crime; villainy; wickedness. Pār, paris (3, adj.): equal. Est: he is. Illī is the m/f/n dative singular form of ille/illa/illud (pron.): that; he, she, it. Industriā is the ablative singular form of industria, industriae (1f): diligence, industry. Īnferior /īnferior/īnferius (3): lower; later; inferior—the comparative form of īnferus/īnfera/īnferum (1/2): situated below.
May it be worthy of the name.
Sit is the third person singular subjunctive form of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be (subjunctive because it’s jussive or optative). Nōmine is the ablative singular form of nōmen, nōminis (3n): name. Dignus/ digna /dignum (1/2): worthy (often goes with the ablative).
Faster than Pegasus.
Pēgasō is the ablative singular form of Pēgasus, Pēgasī (2m): Pegasus, winged horse of the Muses. Vēlōcior /vēlōcior/vēlōcius (3) is the comparative form of vēlōx, vēlōcis (3, adj.): fast.
The elephant is the wisest of beasts.
More literally: None of the beasts (is) wiser than the elephant.
Elephantō is the ablative singular form of elephantus, elephantī (2m): elephant. Bēluārum is the genitive plural form of bēlua, bēluae (1f): beast. Nūllus/ nūlla /nūllum (1/2, irreg.): no, not any, none. Prūdentior/ prūdentior /prūdentius (3) is the comparative form of prūdēns, prūdentis (3, adj.): wise, prudent.
Silver is less precious than gold, gold than virtue.
More literally: Silver is cheaper than gold, gold than virtues.
Vīlior/vīlior/ vīlius (3) is the comparative form of vīlis/vīlis/vīle (3): cheap. Argentum, argentī (2n): silver. Est: is. Aurō is the ablative singular form of aurum, aurī (2n): gold. Virtūtibus is the ablative plural form of virtūs, virtūtis (3f): virtue, moral excellence; courage, valor. Aurum, aurī (2n): gold.
He spoke much more keenly and vehemently.
Multō is the ablative singular form of multum, multī (2n): a large amount, much. Ācrius (adv.) is the comparative form of ācriter (adv.): sharply, fiercely. Violentiusque: violentius (adv.) is the comparative form of violenter (adv.): violently (the enclitic conjunction – que adds and). Dīcēbat is the third person singular imperfect form of dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum (3): to say.
Not long ago I envied the rich man’s sons.
More literally: A little earlier I envied the sons of the rich man.
Paulō is the ablative singular form of paulum, paulī (2n, also paullum): a small amount, little (a substantive use of paulus/paula/paulum (1/2, also paullus): little, small—its use as a regular adjective is much less common than as a substantive). Ante (adv.): before, earlier (paulō is the ablative of degree of difference with ante). Ego: I. Dīves, dīvitis (3, adj.): rich (used substantively). Fīliīs is the dative plural form of fīlius, fīliī (2m): son. Invidēbam is the first person singular imperfect form of invideō, invidēre, invīdī, invīsum (2): to envy (takes a dative object).
But how much more highly do I think of these men!
(That is, those who think they’re too weak to become Stoics.) At (conj.): but. Quantō is the ablative singular form of quantum, quantī (interrog. pron.): how great an amount? how much? Ego: I. Dē (prep.): from, down from; about, concerning (takes the ablative). Illīs is the m/f/n (here m) ablative plural form of ille/illa/illud (pron.): that; he, she, it. Melius (adv.)—better; the comparative form of bene (adv.): well. Exīstimō, exīstimāre, exīstimāvī, exīstimātum (1): to think, suppose; judge.
He was the best by sixteen feet.
(That is, by a lot—like saying by a mile. It’s a reference to a footrace.) Sēdecim (indeclinable): sixteen. Pedibus is the ablative plural form of pēs, pedis (3m): foot. Superāvit is the third person singular perfect form of superō, superāre, superāvī, superātum (1): to climb over; overcome; surpass; be present in excess; abound; survive.
To shit in the temple of Delphi.
More literally: To shit in the temple of the Pythian (Apollo).
(To commit an abominable act.) In (prep.): in (with abl. in this sense). Pȳthiī is the m/n genitive singular form of pȳthius/pȳthia/pȳthium (1/2): Pythian (here it’s masculine; the god Apollo is implied). Templō is the ablative singular form of templum, templī (2n): temple, sanctuary. Cacō, cacāre, cacāvī, cacātum (1, vulgar): to defecate.
He sees three stags wandering on the shore.
Trīs (or trēs) is the m/f accusative plural form of trēs/trēs/tria (3): three. Lītore is the ablative singular form of lītus, lītoris (3n): seashore, beach. Cervōs is the accusative plural form of cervus, cervī (2m): stag, deer. Prōspicit is the third person singular form of prōspiciō, prōspicere, prōspexī, prōspectum (3): to look before one (at); see ahead. Errantīs (or errantēs) is the m/f accusative plural form of errāns, errantis (3) is the present active participle (straying, wandering) of errō, errāre, errāvī, errātum (1): to err; wander; go astray.
In fact it occurs in many places in Arabia.
More literally: Indeed, it is produced in many places of Arabia.
(He’s talking about where myrrh can be found.) Quippe (particle): certainly, indeed. Multīs is the m/f/n ablative plural form of multus/multa/multum (1/2): much, many. Locīs is the ablative plural form of locus, locī (2m—or n in the plural): place. Arabia, Arabiae (1f): Arabia. Gignitur is the third person singular passive form of gignō, gignere, genuī, genitum (3): to beget, produce, bring forth.
It was announced that the troops would march at dawn.
More literally: It is announced about-to-go at first light.
Prōnūntiātur is the third person singular passive form of prōnūntiō, prōnūntiāre, prōnūntiāvī, prōnūntiātum (1): to proclaim, announce, declare; pronounce. Prīmā is the feminine ablative singular form of prīmus/prīma/prīmum (1/2): first. Lūce is the ablative singular form of lūx, lūcis (3f): light (prīmā lūce = at first light (daybreak)). Itūrōs is the masculine accusative plural form of itūrus/itūra/itūrum (1/2), the future active participle (about to go) of eō, īre, iī/īvī, itum (irreg.): to go.
At that time there were also other virgins.
(Now there is less competition; the speaker is trying to find a husband for his sister.) Illō is the m/n ablative singular form of ille/illa/illud (adj.): that. Tempore is the ablative singular form of tempus, temporis (3n): time. Et (adv.): also, too; even. Aliae is the feminine nominative plural form of alius/alia/aliud (1/2, irreg.): other, another. Virginēs is the nominative plural form of virgō, virginis (3f): virgin; young woman. Erant is the third person plural imperfect form of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (irreg.): to be.
He died within a few days.
In (prep. , with abl. in this sense): in, within. Diēbus is the ablative plural form of diēs, diēī (5m/f): day. Paucīs is the m/f/n ablative plural form of paucus/pauca/paucum (1/2): (in sg. , rare) little; (in pl. , the more frequent usage) few. Obiit is the third person singular perfect form of obeō, obīre, obiī/obīvī, obitum (irreg.): to meet, arrive at; die.
He reached it in two days.
More literally: He arrived here in two days.
Hūc (adv.): here (with motion), to this place. Bīduō is the ablative singular form of bīduum, bīduī (2n): a period of two days. Pervēnit is the third person singular perfect form of perveniō, pervenīre, pervēnī, perventum (4): to come (all the way to a place), arrive.
He lived eighty years.
Octōgintā (indeclinable): eighty. Annīs is the ablative plural form of annus, annī (2m): year. Vīxit is the third person singular perfect form of vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctum (3): to live.
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And he remained there many days.
Et (conj.): and. Mānsit is the third person singular perfect form of maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsum (2): to remain; await. Ibi (adv.): there. Diēbus is the ablative plural form of diēs, diēī (5m/f): day. Multīs is the m/f/n ablative plural form of multus/multa/multum (1/2): much, many.
For he is using his own strength.
Alt. : For he makes use of his own strength.
(Why a person who has learned courage is safe against life’s onslaughts.) Ūtitur is the third person singular form of ūtor, ūtī, ūsus sum (3, deponent): to use. Enim (particle): for, indeed. Suīs is the m/f/n ablative plural form of suus/sua/suum (1/2): his (own). Vīribus is the ablative plural form of vīs, vīs (3f): strength, force, power (the plural often corresponds to the English singular strength).
But no man enjoys a blessing that brings anxiety.
Alt. : No one takes pleasure (or derives a benefit) from an anxious good.
(Why wealth doesn’t make people as happy as they expect.) Nēmō, nēminis (3m): no one. Autem (particle): on the other hand, but, however; and, moreover. Sollicitō is the m/n ablative singular form of sollicitus/sollicita/sollicitum (1/2): disturbed, troubled, anxious. Bonō is the ablative singular form of bonum, bonī (2n): good; benefit; (in pl.) possessions. Fruitur is the third person singular form of furor, fruī, frūctus sum (3, deponent): to employ, make use of; enjoy, take pleasure or derive a benefit from.
One needs eminent teachers.
More literally: There is a need for great teachers.
Magnīs is the m/f/n ablative plural form of magnus/magna/magnum (1/2): great, large. Praeceptōribus is the ablative plural form of praeceptor, praeceptōris (3m): teacher. Opus, operis (3n): work; need. Est: there is.
Now virtue is needed.
More literally: Now (there’s) need for strength.
Nunc (adv.): now. Vīribus is the ablative plural form of vīs, vīs (3f): strength, force, power. Ūsus, ūsūs (4m): use; advantage; practice; need. (The verb est is implied.)
He has need of friends.
More literally: There is need for friends to/for him.
Amīcīs is the ablative plural form of amīcus, amīcī (2m): friend. Illī is the m/f/n dative singular form of ille/illa/illud (pron.): that; he, she, it. Opus, operis (3n): work; need. Est: there is.